In November 1956, André Philip, French Socialist MP and Professor of Economics at the University of Saarbrücken, publishes an article in La Gauche Européenne, the newspaper of the Socialist Movement for the United States of Europe (MSEUE), in which he outlines the essential characteristics of a common market such as the one drawn up in Brussels by the experts of the Intergovernmental Conference on the Common Market and Euratom.